A familiar situation
For a project with one upfront cost and equal annual cash benefits, test the implied internal rate of return. Uneven or dated cash flows need a full cash-flow solver rather than this simplified model.
How to use this calculator
- Enter initial cost / investment, annual cash benefit or cash flow, discount rate and the remaining inputs.
- Select Calculate to see the answer and its breakdown.
- Keep a scenario, change an input and compare the results.
Use consistent units and check the assumptions below before applying the result.
How irr is calculated
Cash flows are treated as equal annual amounts occurring at year end. The result excludes working capital, taxes and uneven timing unless those amounts are incorporated into the inputs. Formula: IRR is the rate that makes −initial cost + Σ annual cash flow ÷ (1+r)^year equal zero. Use the displayed details to inspect the intermediate amounts and replace example assumptions with terms from your own quote or records.
IRR is the rate that makes −initial cost + Σ annual cash flow ÷ (1+r)^year equal zero.A $10,000 outlay recovered as five annual $2,500 payments has an IRR near 7.9%.
Assumptions & useful context
The result depends on the values you enter and the method described above. Displayed numbers may be rounded; calculations use the unrounded values. Check that this model matches your situation before relying on it.
Financial projections use your assumptions. Actual returns, lender terms, fees and tax rules can differ; these results do not guarantee a future outcome.
Frequently asked questions
IRR Calculator: what does the result include?
The model treats each equal annual amount as arriving at year end. Different timing or uneven cash flows can change present value and internal rate of return.
IRR Calculator: which assumptions matter most?
No. Payback divides the initial cost by annual benefit without discounting; the NPV and IRR methods use a rate assumption.